Protocols

HTTP is the World Wide Web protocol used for data communication between web servers and clients.

A network protocol used in small-sized networks, such as residential ones, for advertising and discovery of network services, primarily the ones supported by the Universal Plug-and-Play (UPnP) architecture. Features of SSDP are used in DDoS attacks belonging to the SSDP amplification type.

A transport layer protocol in the OSI model, one of the main protocols of the Internet protocol suite.

SSL is a protocol for cryptographically secure data exchange using popular Internet protocols. SSL certificates are used to verify that a public key belongs to its actual owner.

A mechanism that forces a web client and server to establish an HTTPS-based secure connection at once, without first using the unprotected HTTP protocol. The approach helps to minimize the risk of attacks aimed at wiretapping or tampering with a web connection.

A protocol for sending messages (datagrams) to other hosts without error checking or correction. UDP offers the advantage of being able to quickly process requests from very large number of clients.

HTTPS is an extension of HTTP protocol allowing to secure web traffic.

A system that keeps the information about Internet domains, with its key function being to provide the IP address of a node or other resource upon receiving its full domain name. The system consists of multiple servers and has a distributed hierarchical architecture. In order to minimize DNS hacking attack risks and ensure the integrity and authenticity of data kept by DNS, its servers use built-in protection and security features, such as DNSSEC, TSIG, DANE, and others.

Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) is a routing protocol, that works on an application level. BGP chooses the most efficient routes to deliver Internet traffic.

A TCP/IP stack protocol used for notifying about exception conditions that can occur in the Internet. Some of the protocol options are used for “internal” purposes only, without involving the transfer of any meaningful data.