General Terms

The use of a software intermediary (proxy) that processes traffic in a certain way for subsequent sending to another software program.

A service that allows to deliver data of various nature and formats (images, videos, web pages, software distributions/patches, etc.) to a large number of users as fast as possible. CDNs help lower costs by freeing customers from the need to create resilient (including to DDoS attacks), reliable, and highly available IT infrastructure necessary for mass delivery of content to consumers.

A software robot designed for executing certain actions determined by algorithms or rules. Bots and bot networks installed on vulnerable nodes are often used for executing DoS and DDoS attacks.

A widely used method to increase available bandwidth by 5% while staying within the selected payment plan, based on the way bandwidth is measured: first, during a month-long period, data transfer stats are collected, then 5% of the highest values are removed from further analysis, while the highest value from the rest is used as the basis for payment calculation.

A unique identifier of an individual network equipment unit, such as a NIC or Ethernet port, designating a sender or a recipient of an OSI network-level packet (frame). Usually MAC addresses are assigned by a manufacturer while producing equipment or components.

Web application firewall is designed to protect your web application from various types of attacks. WAF can be called “reverse-proxy” as it protects server’s data passing clients through itself before providing access to the resource.

Colocation is a unique web hosting model in which a company rents physical space in a hosting provider's data center to house its own server hardware.

Data center (DPC) is a multi-level storage for network and server equipment. Choosing a data center is based on the following points: reputation, reliability, location, etc.

A flag for sequence number synchronization that uses bits 10 to 15 of the TCP packet header.